Scientific Publications Papillotrema terrestris PT22AV
Bee-Friendly Control of Strawberry Grey Mould Using YSY® Yeast
Publication Date: August 2025
Journal: BioControl (Springer)
Summary:
This study demonstrates that YSY® (Papiliotrema terrestris PT22AV) effectively controls grey mould in strawberries, reducing postharvest decay by up to 80% and providing greenhouse protection comparable to leading biofungicides. YSY® rapidly colonizes flowers and infection sites, suppressing pathogens through competitive exclusion. Pollinator studies confirmed full compatibility with honeybees, with no negative impact on visitation. Overall, the results validate YSY® as a residue-free, bee-safe, and high-performance solution for sustainable strawberry disease management.
Enhancing Bread Fermentation and Aroma Using YSY® Yeast in Mixed Starter Cultures
Publication Date: December 11, 2024
Journal: Applied Sciences (MDPI)
Summary:
This study shows that YSY® (Papiliotrema terrestris PT22AV) performs effectively in bread fermentation when used with standard bakery microorganisms. YSY® rapidly colonizes dough, enhances acidification and gas production, and supports strong volume development comparable to conventional baker’s yeast. Combined cultures improved crumb structure and aroma complexity. The results confirm YSY®’s compatibility with bakery systems and its potential to enhance fermentation performance and product quality.
Biosafety Assessment Pipeline for YSY® Yeast in Crop Protection
Publication Date: 21 November 2024
Journal: BioControl (Springer)
Summary:
This study confirms the strong biosafety profile of YSY® (Papiliotrema terrestris PT22AV) through comprehensive physiological, genomic, and toxicological testing. YSY® showed low survival under simulated human digestion, no production of harmful metabolites, and no pathogenicity in in vivo models. The strain was sensitive to standard antifungals and lacked key virulence markers. These results demonstrate that YSY® meets EU criteria for low-risk microorganisms and is a safe, regulation-ready biological solution for crop protection.
Microbial Biocontrol Agents as Salt Stress Mitigators in Lettuce Cultivation
Publication Date: September 6, 2024
Journal: Plants (MDPI)
Summary:
This study evaluated the long-term effects of microbial biocontrol agents and natural biostimulants on lettuce grown under saline stress conditions. Over a 90-day experiment, researchers analyzed plant growth, survival, chlorophyll content, root development, and soil microbial communities. The yeast Papiliotrema terrestris (strain PT22AV), used in YSY® Yeast technology, showed strong ability to mitigate salt stress by improving plant survival, maintaining chlorophyll levels, stabilizing tissue structure, and supporting beneficial soil microorganisms. The results confirm YSY-based strains as effective biological tools for enhancing crop resilience in saline and climate-stressed environments.
Biological Control of Root-Knot Nematodes Using Papiliotrema terrestris (YSY®) in Tomato Crops
Publication Date: May 5, 2024
Journal: Horticulturae (MDPI)
Summary:
This study investigated the nematicidal activity of Papiliotrema terrestris strain PT22AV (YSY®) against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita through laboratory bioassays and greenhouse tomato trials. As shown in the in vitro results (Figure 1, page 5), YSY caused a gradual reduction in juvenile nematode viability, reaching complete mortality after 15 days of exposure. Pot and greenhouse experiments (Tables 1–3, pages 5–7) demonstrated that YSY® applied at 1 kg/ha significantly reduced soil nematode populations and root gall formation, with performance comparable to commercial biocontrol agents and fluopyram. Treated plants also showed improved growth, higher SPAD chlorophyll values (Figure 4, page 8), and yield increases of up to 38–40% compared to untreated controls. The findings confirm YSY® as an effective biological tool for sustainable and integrated nematode management in tomato production, particularly when applied at adequate dosage and early in the crop cycle.
Inhibitory Effect and Antagonistic Mechanisms of Epiphytic Yeasts in Postharvest Blueberries
Publication Date: April 26, 2024
Journal: Foods
Summary:
This study highlights the strong biocontrol activity of Papiliotrema terrestris—the yeast species used in YSY®—in reducing postharvest decay of blueberries caused by Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria alternata. YSY®-related strains suppressed pathogens through rapid surface colonization, nutrient competition, biofilm formation, and production of antifungal metabolites and enzymes. The treatment also helped maintain fruit firmness and quality during storage. These results confirm YSY®’s effectiveness as a natural, residue-free solution for postharvest disease management in fruit production.
Transcriptomic Analysis of YSY® Yeast in Apple Postharvest Disease Control
Publication Date: March 2024
Journal: Communications Biology (Nature Portfolio)
Summary:
This study shows that YSY® (Papiliotrema terrestris PT22AV) actively suppresses apple postharvest pathogens at the molecular level. RNA-seq analysis revealed that YSY rapidly activates genes linked to nutrient uptake, stress resistance, and metabolism, enabling fast wound colonization and pathogen exclusion. At the same time, YSY strongly downregulated toxin and virulence genes in Penicillium expansum. These findings provide direct genetic evidence of YSY’s effectiveness in residue-free postharvest disease control.
Exopolysaccharide from Papiliotrema terrestris PT22AV for Skin Wound Healing
Publication Date: 2023
Journal: Journal of Advanced Research (Elsevier)
This study shows that YSY® (Papiliotrema terrestris PT22AV) produces a high-purity exopolysaccharide with strong antibacterial, antioxidant, and regenerative properties. The EPS demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and significantly accelerated wound healing in vivo. These results highlight the multifunctional potential of YSY®-derived strains, confirming their value not only in crop protection but also in advanced biotechnological and biomedical applications.
Integrated Use of YSY® Yeast for Controlling Plum Brown Rot and Reducing Fungicide Residues
Publication Date: October 10, 2022
Journal: Agriculture (MDPI)
Summary:
This study demonstrates that YSY® (Papiliotrema terrestris PT22AV) provides highly effective control of plum brown rot, achieving up to 97% disease reduction in field trials and up to 91% rot reduction during storage. YSY® rapidly colonized fruit surfaces, suppressing pathogens through competitive exclusion. Treatments resulted in zero or strongly reduced fungicide residues. The findings confirm YSY® as a high-performance, residue-free solution for sustainable plum disease management.
Advances and Perspectives in the Use of Biocontrol Agents against Fungal Plant Diseases
Publication Date: June 25, 2022
Journal: Horticulturae (MDPI)
Summary:
This comprehensive review analyzes current strategies, mechanisms, and challenges in the use of microbial biocontrol agents against fungal plant diseases. It covers key modes of action—including competition, antibiosis, mycoparasitism, and induced plant resistance—as well as advances in molecular and genomic tools for BCA selection and monitoring. The authors also discuss regulatory and formulation barriers and highlight the growing role of yeasts such as Papiliotrema terrestris in sustainable, residue-free crop protection systems.
The Tremellaceous Yeast Papiliotrema terrestris as a Growth Stimulant of Maize Plants
Publication Date: June 2022
Journal: Journal of Plant Growth Regulation
Summary:
This study evaluated the plant-growth-promoting effects of Papiliotrema terrestris on maize seedlings under controlled and soil conditions. Seed treatment with optimal yeast concentrations significantly enhanced root and shoot development, leaf area, biomass, and nutrient uptake. The yeast also increased endogenous auxin (IAA) levels, supporting improved root architecture and early plant vigor. These results demonstrate the potential of P. terrestris as a biological growth promoter for sustainable crop production.
Ecology and Functional Role of Indigenous Yeasts from Durum Wheat Kernels in Dough Fermentation
Publication Date: January 2021
Journal: Food Microbiology
Summary:
This study characterized the diversity of indigenous yeasts isolated from durum wheat kernels and evaluated their role in bread fermentation. Among 23 identified species, Papiliotrema terrestris and other non-Saccharomyces yeasts showed strong performance when co-inoculated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, significantly increasing dough volume and CO₂ production compared to baker’s yeast alone. The findings demonstrate that naturally adapted yeasts can enhance fermentation efficiency and product quality, supporting their application in advanced biotechnological and food systems such as YSY® Yeast.
Integrated Biocontrol and Low-Dose Fungicide Strategy for Reducing Blue Mould and Patulin in Apples
Publication Date: February 2011
Journal: Postharvest Biology and Technology (Elsevier)
Summary:
This study shows that yeast-based biocontrol systems—precursors of modern YSY® technology—can be effectively combined with low-dose fungicides to control apple blue mould. Integrated treatments achieved up to 98% disease reduction while cutting fungicide residues by up to 75% and strongly suppressing patulin contamination. The results demonstrate that yeast-driven strategies like YSY® enable high disease control with reduced chemical input and improved food safety.
Enhancing Postharvest Apple Protection Through Synergistic Biocontrol Formulations
Publication Date: October 2005
Journal: Journal of Food Protection
Summary:
This study demonstrates that yeast-based biocontrol systems—precursors of modern YSY® formulations—can be significantly enhanced through optimized product formulation. Selected food-grade additives improved yeast survival, wound colonization, and pathogen suppression, allowing strong disease control at much lower application rates. The findings established the scientific foundation for today’s high-performance YSY® formulations, showing that well-designed biological products can match chemical fungicides while remaining residue-free.